Ce culturi îşi fac loc în România. Motivul principal este încălzirea climatică

De la an la an românii sunt tot mai inventivi, iar încălzirea climatică, dar și cercetările pomicole fac posibile culturi de fructe exotice în România, care în trecut erau apanajul exclusiv al zonelor calde sau tropicale.

Ce culturi îşi fac loc în România. Motivul principal este încălzirea climatică

Agronomii reușesc astfel, inclusiv prin folosirea unor portaltoi rezistenți la frig, să aclimatizeze diferite plante obișnuite să se dezvolte doar la căldură la regimul termic al țării noastre.

În livezile din diferite zone ale țării putem vedea acum culturi bogate de smochine, kiwi, goji, lămâi, curmale ori kaki. Asta după ce cultura murului a devenit una foarte des întâlnită în afacerile românilor.

foto: https://www.agro.basf.ro/

5 culturi de fructe exotice pe care românii le cultivă din ce în ce mai des

Smochinul se cultivă primăvara sau toamna în sol cu un drenaj bun, pentru ca apa să nu băltească la rădăcină.

Fructele sunt de dimensiuni medii și mari și colorate cu o nuanță de violet intens. Smochinul intră pe rod în al doilea an de plantare. Fructele de smochin conțin substanțe eficiente în protejarea sângelui de bacterii, paraziți și viruși care provoacă diverse boli, cum ar fi hepatita C.

Kiwi sunt plante cățărătoare care produc fructele zemoase și parfumte, ce pot fi găsite și în plantațiile din țara noastră, situate în locuri însorite.

Arbuștii de kiwi pot fi cultivați atât în scop pur decorativ, cât şi pentru a obţine o recoltă de fructe. Necesită udare prin sistem de picurare sau manual. Perioadă de recoltare: luna noiembrie.

Arborii de kaki preferă locurile însorite și fructifică toamna.

La înfiinţarea unei plantaţii de kaki, solul trebuie să aibă un pH cuprins între 5,5 şi 8,3, dar și să fie să fie fertil, drenat, luto-nisipos.

Exploatațiile de curmale nu au nevoie nici de soluri foarte fertile, întrucât planta, originară din China, este rezistentă la secetă și valorifică foarte bine solurile nisipoase, soluri lipsite de apă.

Curmalul are spini și norduri, iar frunzele lucioase păstreaza apa în tulpina curmalului. Planta poate fi formată din sâmburi care se lasă la hidratat și apoi se introduc în pământ. De asemenea, pepinierele oferă acest arbust în stadii diferite de dezvoltare.

Goji crește sub formă de tufă sau de pom și este considerat ca fiind un elixir antiîmbătrânire.

Aportul mare de vitamine și substanțe antioxidante fac din acest fruct un excelent adjuvant și energizant pentru organismul tău. Fructele pot fi consumate în stare proaspătă sau deshidratate, fiind folosite și în industria farmaceutică.

Cultura de titricale, o cultură din ce în ce mai profitabilă

De asemenea, o cultură profitabilă care a luat din ce în ce mai multă amploare în rândul agricultorilor și fermierilor este cultura de titricale, un hibrid între grâu şi secară.

Foto: https://www.agro.basf.ro/ro

În România piaţa triticalelor este în creştere, cerealele sunt căutate pentru export, datorită întrebuinţărilor diverse cum ar fi furajarea animalelor, în alimentaţie, în producerea de malţ, pentru fabricarea berii şi în industria spirtului.

Triticalele au amplitudine ecologică mare, pot fi cultivate în toate zonele ţării, dar zonele în care acestea au productivitate mare sunt regiunile submontane şi depresiunile intramontane, din Transilvania, nord – vestul ţării, nordul Moldovei.

25 thoughts on “Ce culturi îşi fac loc în România. Motivul principal este încălzirea climatică

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